(headline image: FFYUEEE professional rosewood guzheng, 163Cm)
The guzheng (ancient zheng), or simply zheng, is a traditional Chinese zither. This venerable instrument, with its 21–27 strings and distinctive resonant tone, holds a revered place in Chinese music and continues to enchant listeners around the world.
Significantly, the guzheng’s origins can be traced back over 2,500 years to ancient China, where it was initially known as the “zheng.” Throughout its long history, the guzheng has been an integral part of traditional Chinese music, featured prominently in court performances, folk music, and various regional styles. Its enduring significance in Chinese culture is reflected in its inclusion as a core instrument in the Chinese orchestra and its representation in classical and contemporary compositions.
Typically, the guzheng is made from high-quality wood, such as rosewood. The instrument’s resonant box is adorned with intricate artwork and often features ornate carvings. The original 21 strings, traditionally made from silk, are now commonly crafted from nylon or metal for durability and consistency. The unique tuning pegs allow for precise adjustments, enabling the player to achieve the desired pitch and tonal quality.
Mastering the guzheng requires dedication and skill, as the instrument offers a wide range of expressive possibilities. The player employs a combination of plucking, sliding, bending, and vibrato techniques to produce a rich variety of sounds, from delicate and melodic to powerful and resonant. The instrument’s versatility allows for solo performances, ensemble playing, and collaborations with other traditional and modern instruments, making it a dynamic and adaptable presence in diverse musical contexts.
While deeply grounded in Chinese tradition, the guzheng has transcended cultural boundaries and gained popularity on the global stage. Its engaging melodies and evocative timbre have found their way into diverse musical genres, including world music, contemporary western classical compositions, and cross-cultural collaborations. Modern innovations such as electric guzhengs have expanded the instrument’s capabilities, further enhancing its appeal to musicians and audiences worldwide.
The guzheng is often used to perform traditional folk music, particularly repertoire from Southern Chinese folk styles such as Guangdong (Canton), Chaozhou, and Kejia (Hakka). Meanwhile, other players have ventured into non-traditional styles, including rock, jazz, free improvised music, and innovative contemporary compositions. Notable musicians have incorporated the guzheng into non-traditional contexts, expanding its sonic possibilities and contributing to cross-genre collaborations.
Notable guzheng musicians include Wang Xunzhi (1899–1972); Wu Fei; Wang Changyuan; Xiang Sihua; Zhao Yuzhai; and Rao Ningxin.
These musicians, among others, have contributed significantly to guzheng music, presenting the instrument’s versatility and timeless appeal on the global stage.
Author: Angel Romero
Angel Romero y Ruiz has dedicated his life to musical exploration. His efforts included the creation of two online portals, worldmusiccentral.org and musicasdelmundo.com. In addition, Angel is the co-founder of the Transglobal World Music Chart, a panel of world music DJs and writers that celebrates global sounds. Furthermore, he delved into the record business, producing world music studio albums and compilations. His works have appeared on Alula Records, Ellipsis Arts, Indígena Records and Music of the World.